- Register
- Definition: A small, directly accessible memory location within the CPU, used by the Arithmetic-Logical Unit (ALU) for calculations and processing instructions.
- Stack Memory Segment
- Definition: A segment of memory used by processors to communicate instructions and data to each other.
- Monolithic Operating System Architecture
- Definition: An operating system architecture where all the code operates in kernel mode or system mode in a non-modularized, ad hoc manner.
- Memory Addressing Techniques
- Register Addressing: The CPU accesses data directly from its registers using specific register addresses.
- Immediate Addressing: Data is supplied directly as part of the instruction, not retrieved from a memory location.
- Direct Addressing: The CPU is given a specific memory address to access data, with the address located on the same memory page as the instruction.
- Indirect Addressing: The provided memory address leads to another address where the actual data resides, allowing access to data located on a different memory page.
- Base + Offset Addressing: Combines a base address stored in a CPU register with an offset provided in the instruction to calculate the actual memory address for data retrieval.
These concepts are critical for understanding how the CPU interacts with memory, processes instructions, and manages data, particularly in the context of system performance and security.