- Fire Prevention
- Key Aspects: Training, proper construction, availability of supplies, and ensuring reachability of fire-fighting equipment.
- Fire Detection
- Manual Detection: Using pull boxes to manually alert fire services.
- Automatic Detection: Systems like automatic dial-up that notify the fire department (Auxiliary station alarm).
- Types of Detectors:
- Smoke-activated
- Heat-activated
- Flame-activated (infrared)
- Fire Classes and Suppression Methods
- Class A (Common Combustibles):
- Extinguishers: Water, Soda Acid.
- Method: Remove temperature.
- Class B (Flammable Liquids):
- Extinguishers: Gas/CO2, Soda Acid.
- Method: Remove fuel.
- Class C (Electrical Fires):
- Extinguishers: Gas/CO2.
- Method: Displace oxygen.
- Class D (Metal Fires):
- Extinguishers: Dry Powder.
- Method: Specialized agents for metal fires.
- Class A (Common Combustibles):
- Fire Suppression Agents
- Water: Suppresses temperature.
- Soda Acid: Reduces fuel supply.
- CO2: Reduces oxygen levels.
- Halon: Disrupts the chemical reaction in fires.
- Fire Extinguisher Placement
- Should be positioned 50 feet from equipment and towards the exit door.
- Heat Sensitivity
- Computer Hardware: Sensitive at 175°F (80°C).
- Magnetic Storage: Sensitive at 100°F (37°C).
- Paper: Ignites at 350°F (176°C).
- Sprinkler Systems
- Wet Pipe: Always filled with water, activated at 165°F.
- Dry Pipe: Water fills pipes only when activated by heat.
- Pre-action (Most Recommended): Water is initially held in tanks; pipes fill when air is lost due to heat detection, followed by water release when a thermal link melts.
- Halon Fire Suppression
- 1211: Portable Halon units.
- 1301: Used for flooding areas.
- FM-200: The most common replacement for Halon (alternatives include CEA, NAF, FE-13, Argon, INERGEN, and Low Pressure Water).
- Fire Resistance
- Walls: Rated for 1-hour fire resistance.
- Adjacent Rooms with Paper: Rated for 2-hour fire resistance.
These concepts are essential for understanding how to prevent, detect, and respond to fire emergencies, particularly in environments with sensitive equipment and materials.