- Hybrid Cryptography
- Concept: Combines both asymmetric and symmetric encryption to leverage the strengths of each.
- Asymmetric Encryption: Used for securely exchanging keys between parties.
- Symmetric Encryption: Used for encrypting the bulk of the data, making the process faster and more efficient.
- Examples:
- SSL (Secure Sockets Layer): Ensures secure communication over the internet.
- PGP (Pretty Good Privacy): Used for securing emails and files.
- IPSEC (Internet Protocol Security): Secures IP communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet.
- S/MIME (Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions): Used for sending secure emails with encryption and digital signatures.
- Message Digest
- Definition: A summary of a message’s content, similar to a checksum, produced by a hashing algorithm. It ensures the integrity of the message by detecting any changes made to the data.
- MAC (Message Authentication Code)
- Definition: A code that is generated from a message and a secret key, used to authenticate the message and verify its integrity and authenticity.
These concepts are fundamental in modern cryptographic systems, ensuring both security and efficiency in data transmission and communication.