SQLMap is a powerful open-source tool used for automated SQL injection attacks and database takeover in penetration testing, particularly in environments like Kali Linux. It supports various SQL injection techniques, including time-based, error-based, union-based, and blind SQL injection, and it can interact with multiple database management systems.

SQLMap

How to Use SQLMap in Kali Linux

1. Installation (if not already installed): Kali Linux comes with SQLMap pre-installed. However, if it’s missing, you can install it using the following command:
   sudo apt-get install sqlmap
2. Basic SQLMap Usage: To run a basic SQLMap scan, you need a vulnerable URL. Here’s a common usage example:
   sqlmap -u “http://example.com/index.php?id=1”
3. Common SQLMap Options:
   • -u: Specifies the target URL.
   • –dbs: Enumerates the available databases after identifying an injection point.
   • –dump: Dumps the contents of the selected database table.
   • -D [database] -T [table]: Specifies the database and table to target.
   • –columns: Lists the columns of a specified table.
   • –batch: Skips manual confirmation during automated tasks.
4. Example: Enumerating Databases: Once an injection point is identified, you can enumerate databases:
   sqlmap -u “http://example.com/index.php?id=1” –dbs
5. Example: Dumping Data from a Table: After identifying the database and table, you can dump its data:
   sqlmap -u “http://example.com/index.php?id=1” -D dbname -T tablename –dump
   

Use in Penetration Testing:

• Identify Vulnerabilities: Test for SQL injection vulnerabilities.
• Database Enumeration: Gather intelligence on the database structure.
• Data Extraction: Extract sensitive data from the database.
• Database Takeover: Gain deeper access to the database and the system itself.

Key Points for Ethical Use

• Permission: Always ensure you have explicit permission to test a system or network. Unauthorized use of SQLMap is illegal and unethical.
• Documentation: Keep detailed records of your tests and findings to support reporting and remediation efforts.

This makes SQLMap a vital tool for penetration testers in environments like Kali Linux, but it must be used responsibly and in compliance with legal and ethical guidelines.